Dilation and Curettage (D&C): A Comprehensive Overview

What is a Dilation and Curettage?

Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a medical procedure where the cervix is dilated (widened) and the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is surgically scraped or suctioned out. This procedure can be performed for both diagnostic and treatment purposes.

Diagnostic Purposes

A D&C can help diagnose various uterine abnormalities, such as:

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• Abnormal or heavy menstrual bleeding
• Uterine polyps or fibroids
• Endometrial hyperplasia
• Uterine cancer

Treatment Purposes

D&C can also be used to treat certain conditions, including:

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• Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding
• Removal of uterine polyps or fibroids
• Termination of early pregnancy

How is a D&C Performed?

A D&C is typically performed in an outpatient setting under local or general anesthesia. The procedure involves the following steps:

1. The cervix is dilated using dilating instruments.
2. A curette (a surgical instrument) or suction device is inserted into the uterus.
3. The lining of the uterus is scraped or suctioned out for examination.

Recovery and Risks

Most patients recover from a D&C within a few days to weeks. Common side effects include vaginal bleeding, cramping, and discharge. Serious risks are rare but may include infection, hemorrhage, and uterine perforation.

• Following a D&C, it is important to follow the doctor's instructions for recovery, including avoiding strenuous activity and using contraception if necessary.

Conclusion

Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a safe and effective procedure that can diagnose and treat various uterine abnormalities. It is important for women to be aware of this option and to discuss with their healthcare provider if they have concerns about their menstrual health or other uterine conditions.